https://www.selleckchem.com/pr....oducts/piperaquine-p
Confrontation of the recently formulated general mechanism of nucleophilic substitution in electron-deficient arenes with the well-known mechanism of electrophilic substitution revealed that these fundamental processes are mechanistically identical but proceed according to opposite polarity-an Umpolung relation. In this viewpoint this apparently controversial concept is supported by discussion of a variety of experimental results.Recent guidelines for risk-informed decision making (RIDM) provide a gold-standard for how to
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