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Diabetic rats given C-peptide demonstrated lower Atrogin-1 protein expression in the gastrocnemius and tibialis compared to the diabetic control group, as indicated by statistically significant findings (P=0.002, P=0.003). Forty-two days after commencement of the study, a 66% decrease in cross-sectional area was documented in the gastrocnemius muscle of diabetic rats receiving C-peptide, a significant difference from the 395% reduction noted in diabetic control rats compared to the control group