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Horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is frequently facilitated by the process of natural transformation. The utilization of disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic, while frequent, has left the connection between their use and alterations in plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance genes largely unexplored. Our research explored the influence of several disinfectants on bacterial transformation, employing E. coli DH5 as the recipient bacterial stra